• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Sleeper sole (1) for attachment to the rails (2) opposite underside (3) of a track sill (4), said sill (1) has at least one elastic layer (5) distributed therein cork grains (6) of a cork granules, wherein the elastic layer (5) additionally comprises at least one cellular synthetic elastomer (7).
    公开号:AT520879A1
    申请号:T38/2018
    申请日:2018-02-14
    公开日:2019-08-15
    发明作者:Augustin Andreas
    申请人:Getzner Werkstoffe Holding Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The present invention relates to a sill for attachment to a rail opposite the rails underside of a sleeper, wherein the sill sole has at least one elastic layer distributed therein cork grains of a cork granules.
    Sleeper pads are used to dampen vibrations and protect gravel on the underside of rail-supporting track sleepers. These sleepers today often consist of concrete. to
    Vibration damping have threshold soles at least one elastic layer. In the prior art a variety of materials and material mixtures are known to form this elastic layer. Among other things, it is state of the art to use cork granules in the form of a cork granulate for the formation of the elastic layer of the threshold sole. For this purpose, waste resulting from cork processing is generally used.
    The object of the invention is to improve generic sleepers, in which the elastic layer has cork grains of cork granules, in their properties, in particular for vibration damping.
    For this purpose, the invention provides that the elastic layer additionally has at least one cellular synthetic elastomer.
    The invention takes into account that the cork grains of the cork granules have a relatively high rigidity or plasticity and thus essentially assume the supporting function in the elastic layer. In order to additionally improve the elasticity required for the vibration damping, according to the invention, at least one cellular synthetic elastomer is additionally used, which is preferably arranged between the cork grains so as to optimize the elastic properties of the elastic layer for use in a sill sole , This makes it possible to provide a sleeper sole which, on the one hand, has optimized elastic properties and thus very good vibration damping for this particular application of vibration damping, and on the other hand also provides the necessary stability and can also be produced inexpensively as cork grains of the Cork granules waste products from other cork processing can be used. In addition, a good gravel protection is achieved with threshold soles according to the invention.
    The elastic layer of the Schwellensohle invention thus consists of a mixture of a natural material in the form of Korkkörner with an artificially or synthetically produced material in the form of at least one cellular synthetic elastomer. The word cellular means that the synthetic elastomer is a body with gas or air inclusions. One could also speak of a foam or a foamed material. The word synthetic means that the elastomer is artificially manufactured, ie a plastic and not a pure natural product. An elastomer is a dimensionally stable but elastically deformable material, which can be deformed elastically under tensile and / or compressive load and then at least largely returns to its original deformed shape after the end of the load. The synthetic synthetic elastomer could therefore also be referred to as elastic plastic having porous or gas and / or air inclusions. Since the elastic layer also has plastic properties, it could also be called an elasto / plastic layer.
    Particularly preferred variants of the invention provide that the cellular synthetic elastomer comprises or consists of polyurethane as the solid of the elastomer. In this case, one could also speak of a cellular polyurethane. Alternatively, the solid of the cellular synthetic elastomer may also be styrene-butadiene rubber or ethylene-vinyl acetate.
    Copolymer or ethylene-propylene-diene rubber or chloroprene rubber or silicone or polyisoprene act. Blends of these elastomers are also possible to form the cellular synthetic elastomer of the elastic layer.
    The cork grains of the cork granules and the at least one cellular synthetic elastomer are desirably more or less evenly distributed and / or arranged as a heterogeneous mixture in the elastic layer. Both the cork grains and the cellular synthetic elastomer can usually be perceived by the naked eye. One could also speak of a conglomerate or of a mixture with these two substances.
    In a first embodiment, the cork grains of the cork granules distributed in the elastic layer are embedded in a matrix of the cellular synthetic elastomer. In other words, it may thus be provided that the cellular synthetic elastomer in the elastic layer forms a matrix, or in other words a skeleton, in which the cork granules distributed the cork granules are embedded embedded, wherein the cellular synthetic elastomer, the Connecting cork grains together.
    Alternatives may provide that the at least one cellular synthetic elastomer is also formed in the elastic layer as distributed grains. These grains of the cellular synthetic elastomer and the grains of the cork granules may then be interconnected by means of at least one binder. It can thus be provided that the cellular synthetic elastomer is formed in the elastic layer as distributed grains of the cellular synthetic elastomer, wherein the grains of the cellular synthetic elastomer and the cork grains of the cork granules are connected to each other by means of at least one binder.
    In all of these embodiments, it is advantageously provided that the cork granules of the cork granules are distributed uniformly in the elastic layer. The same applies favorably, if present, also for the grains of the cellular synthetic elastomer. As a binder for
    Joining the cork grains to the grains of the cellular synthetic elastomer may be accomplished e.g. a one-component polyurethane binder such as e.g. Isocyanate can be used. It may, for example, but also be two-component polyurethane binder or other binders or mixtures of these binders. Alternatively, it is also possible that the binder itself is a cellular synthetic elastomer, in which then grains of or other cellular synthetic elastomer and the cork grains are embedded.
    In the term of the grain is to be noted that this term is initially to be understood as a small single body of granules. One could also designate the grain as flake, pieces, particles or the like. The term grain does not say anything about its size and shape. The cork grains of the cork granules preferably have a particle size of from 0.1 mm to 10 mm, preferably from 0.5 mm to 8 mm. The granules of the cellular synthetic elastomer, if present, preferably have a particle size of 1 mm to 20 mm, preferably from 1 mm to 12 mm. For the purposes of the invention, a granulate generally refers to a substance which is composed of a large number of grains. It is thus an accumulation of individual grains, which can be interconnected by appropriate measures. In this sense, therefore, the grains of the cellular synthetic elastomer could be referred to as cellular synthetic elastomeric granules. Regardless of the specific embodiment, the cellular synthetic elastomer desirably has a porosity in the range of 10% to 90%, preferably in the range of 30% to 70%. The density of the cellular synthetic elastomer is favorably, again irrespective of the particular embodiment, in the range of 200 kg / m 3 (kilogram per cubic meter) to 1,000 kg / m 3, preferably in the range of 300 kg / m 3 to 800 kg / m 3.
    It is particularly preferred that the cellular synthetic elastomer has a so-called compression set of at most 10%. The
    Compression set is a parameter that describes how far the elastomer returns after a load back to its original shape, or how much plastic deformation remains after relief. The compression set can be determined in accordance with Method B according to DIN EN ISO 1856: 2000 + A1: 2007.
    The thickness of the elastic layer is favorably in the range of 5mm (millimeters) to 20mm, more preferably in the range of 5mm to 15mm.
    To connect the threshold soleplate with the track sill, the sill sole advantageously has a connecting layer on the upper side of the sill sole intended for connection to the track sill. These may be known as tangled fiber layers or other layers into which the material, ie in particular the concrete, can penetrate a track sleeper during casting of the track sill. The connecting layer of the inventive threshold sols is particularly preferably a flock layer, as is known per se from EP 2 946 036 B1
    At the base side of the threshold sole pointing in the operating position to the ground, the sill sole preferably has a protective layer. This is particularly favorable if it is a gravel bed on the ground on which the threshold sole comes to rest. By means of this protective layer, on the one hand, the transverse displacement resistance can be improved and, on the other hand, undesired destruction of the threshold sole by gravel penetrating into it can be avoided. It is preferably a textile protective layer. Geotextiles known per se can be used. The protective layer is preferably a nonwoven layer. The thickness of the protective layer is favorably between 1mm and 5mm, more preferably between 1mm and 3mm.
    In addition to the sill sole itself, the invention also relates to an arrangement with a track sill and a sill sole according to the invention, wherein the
    Schwellensohle is attached to the opposite rail tracks underside of the sill. Preferably, the threshold sole is cast with its connecting layer in the track sill. Such an arrangement could also be referred to as a composite of a track sleeper and a threshold sole according to the invention. The track sill is preferably made of concrete or has at least one concrete layer. Alternatively, the track sill may also be made of wood, plastic or steel, in which case the sill bottom, e.g. can be attached by gluing on the sill. The gluing is of course also possible with concrete sleepers. The track threshold could also be referred to as a railway threshold or simply as a threshold. In any case, it is the body that is usually laid transversely or orthogonally to the rails and on which the rails are fastened.
    Further features and details are described below with reference to FIG
    Description of the figures explained. Showing:
    Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a track threshold with a sill sole disposed thereon.
    FIG. 2 shows a section of the threshold sole according to the invention; FIG.
    Fig. 3 is an illustration of the structure of a first invention
    Embodiment of an elastic layer of the Schwellensohle and
    4 shows the structure of a second embodiment of an elastic layer of a threshold sole according to the invention.
    Fig. 1 shows a per se known arrangement of a sill 4 at the opposite ends of the rails 2, underside 3, a sill 1 is attached. In the illustrated embodiment according to FIG. 1, the track sill 4 lies on a ballast bed 14 with the interposition of the sill sole 1. Of course, the Schwellensohle 1 but also on a solid surface, so on a so-called solid roadway such. a concrete slab or the like, rest. This is known per se in the prior art and need not be explained further.
    FIG. 2 now shows a schematic representation of a threshold sole 1 according to the invention, which, as shown in FIG. 1, is provided for arrangement on the underside 3 of the track sill 4. The exemplary embodiment of a sill sole 1 shown here has, in addition to the elastic layer 5, a connection layer 10 and a protective layer 12. The connecting layer 10 is located on the provided for connection to the track sill 4 top 9 of the sill 1. As already explained, it is in the connecting layer 10 conveniently a flock layer, the fibers during casting of the existing preferably concrete track sill 4 in the Body of the sill 4 are cast, whereby an intimate connection of the sill 1 with the sill 4 can be ensured. Of course, other known in the prior art connection layers 10 on the top 9 of the sill sole 1 are conceivable. On the in the operating position to the ground, so according to FIG. 1 e.g. to the ballast bed 14, facing base side 11 and underside of the sill sole 1 is in this example the, preferably textile, protective layer 12. It is particularly preferably a geotextile layer or a nonwoven layer. On the one hand, this increases the transverse displacement resistance, on the other hand it prevents the gravel of the ballast bed 14 from penetrating too deeply into the sleeper sole 1 or impairing it.
    The elastic layer 5 of the threshold sole 1 advantageously has a thickness 13 with the values already mentioned at the outset. Both cork granules 6 of a cork granulate and cellular synthetic elastomer 7 are present in the elastic layer 5. Preferably, these two components are arranged uniformly distributed in the elastic layer 5.
    3 shows schematically and enlarged a first variant in which the cellular synthetic elastomer 7 is formed in the elastic layer 5 as distributed grains of the cellular synthetic elastomer 7, the grains of the cellular synthetic elastomer 7 and the cork grains 6 the cork granules are connected to each other by means of at least one binding agent 8. As binder 8, for example, the materials already mentioned at the outset come into question. In Fig. 3, the elastic layer 5 is thus composed of a mixture of two granules, wherein it is one of the granules to the black granules shown here Korkkörner 6 of the cork granules and the other granules of grains from the dotted here shown synthetic synthetic Elastomer 7 is formed. The dots indicate the porosity of the cellular synthetic elastomer 7.
    4 shows a variant in which the cork grains 6 of the cork granules are embedded in a matrix or a skeleton, this matrix or the skeleton being formed from the cellular synthetic elastomer 7 of the elastic layer 5.
    The cork grains 6 of the cork granules are spatially distributed in this matrix. The matrix consisting of the cellular synthetic elastomer 7 connects the cork grains 6 with each other. As already explained at the outset, mixed forms from the variants according to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 can also be formed so as to represent threshold sills according to the invention. The binder 8 from FIG. 3 could therefore also be a cellular synthetic elastomer.
    For producing the elastic layer 5 of the soleplate 1, as shown in a section in Fig. 3, provides a favorable method that the cork grains 6 of the cork granulate and the grains of the cellular synthetic elastomer 7 are mixed with the binder 8 and then the mixture thus prepared, preferably with the addition of heat, is pressed in a hollow body. For example, the pressing of the mixture consisting of said components and optionally additionally present fillers may be carried out in a reaction vessel such as e.g. take a cylinder. It usually reaches a pressure of a few bar, so z. B. 2 to 3 bar pressure, from. The temperature should be adjusted depending on the material, favorably to 70 ° to 80 ° Celsius, but this is not absolutely necessary. The Z. B. present in the form of a prepolymeric isocyanate, binder 8 reacts, so that as a result a cylinder of sufficiently firmly connected together cork grains 6 of cork granules and grains of the cellular synthetic elastomer 7 is made. This can then be peeled or cut with known methods to produce the elastic layer 5 in the desired thickness.
    As described above, FIG. 4 serves to visualize a second group of preferred embodiments according to the invention. In these, the cellular synthetic elastomer 7 forms a matrix, that is to say a fabric framework, in which at least the cork grains 6 of the cork granules are embedded. An additional binder 8 can be dispensed with in these embodiments due to the embedding of the grains or cork grains 6 in the matrix of cellular synthetic elastomer 7. It is, as already stated above, but also conceivable that in addition to the cork grains 6 of the cork granules and grains of cellular synthetic elastomer 7 are embedded in the matrix of cellular synthetic elastomer 7.
    To produce embodiments in which the cellular synthetic elastomer 7 forms a matrix, there are two distinct groups of methods. In the first, the cork grains 6 of the cork granules, and optionally also the granules of cellular synthetic elastomer 7, with a first component of the matrix material, for. Example, in the case of a polyurethane, a polyol component or a Dyolkomponente or another OH-containing component mixed. This preformed mixture is then prepared by adding another component of the matrix material, e.g. in the case of polyurethane of isocyanate, reacted.
    The form in which this reaction is carried out may already prescribe the final shape of the elastic layer 5 of the sill sole 1. But it is equally possible to make a larger body to the elastic layer 5 then, z. B. by peeling or otherwise cutting, produce.
    A preferred second method for producing an elastic layer 5 of the sill 1 using a matrix of cellular synthetic elastomer for embedding the grains, in particular the cork grains 6, provides that the cork grains 6 of the cork granules, and optionally also the grains of cellular synthetic elastomer 7 are mixed with a ready-mixed reaction mixture of the cellular synthetic elastomer 7 and only then the reaction mixture to the matrix of cellular synthetic elastomer 7 is reacted. This can be z. B. then by thermal activation, preferably in the above-mentioned temperature range between 70 ° and 80 °, take place. Alternatively, it is also possible to use a correspondingly slow-reacting reaction mixture, so that one has enough time to mix the said grains under. This does not necessarily have to be thermally activated. Also in this latter method, it is possible to carry out the reaction in a reaction vessel already prescribing the shape of the final elastic layer 5. Alternatively, it is of course also possible here to produce larger bodies in one piece, in order to then produce by peeling or cutting the desired end products. The optionally provided bonding layer 10 and / or the optionally provided protective layer 12 can be applied thereto by a procedure known per se in a suitable manner after or during the production of the elastic layer 5.
    Legend to the reference numbers: 1 sill bottom 2 rail 3 underside 4 track sill 5 elastic layer 6 cork grain 7 cellular synthetic elastomer 8 binder 9 upper side 10 bonding layer 11 base side 12 protective layer 13 thickness 14 gravel bed
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1]
    claims
    1. sill (1) for attachment to the rails (2) opposite underside (3) of a sill (4), wherein the sill (1) has at least one elastic layer (5) distributed therein cork grains (6) of a cork granules , characterized in that the elastic layer (5) additionally comprises at least one cellular synthetic elastomer (7).
    [2]
    2. sill (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the cellular synthetic elastomer (7) in the elastic layer (5) forms a matrix, in which the distributed cork grains (6) of the cork granules are embedded, wherein the cellular synthetic Elastomer (7) connects the cork grains (6) together.
    [3]
    3. sill sole (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the cellular synthetic elastomer (7) in the elastic layer (5) arranged as distributed grains of the cellular synthetic elastomer (7), wherein the grains of the cellular synthetic elastomer (7) and the cork grains (6) of the cork granules by means of at least one binder (8) are interconnected.
    [4]
    4. sill sole (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the cellular synthetic elastomer (7) has a porosity in the range of 10% to 90%, preferably from 30% to 70%.
    [5]
    5. sill (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the cellular synthetic elastomer (7) has a density in the range of 200 kg / m3 to 1000 kg / m3, preferably from 300 kg / m3 to 800 kg / m3.
    [6]
    6. sill sole (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the cellular synthetic elastomer (7) has a compression set of at most 10%.
    [7]
    7. sill (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the cellular synthetic elastomer (7) as a solid of the elastomer polyurethane and / or styrene-butadiene rubber and / or ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and / or ethylene Propylene-diene rubber and / or chloroprene rubber and / or silicone and / or polyisoprene.
    [8]
    8. sill (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the sill (1) on the provided for connection to the sill (4) top (9) of the sill (1), a connecting layer (10), preferably a flock layer, and / or that the sill sole (1) has a, preferably textile, protective layer (12), preferably a nonwoven layer, on the base side (11) of the sill sole (1) which points in the operating position to the ground.
    [9]
    9. sill sole (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the elastic layer (5) has a thickness (13) in the range of 5 mm to 20 mm, preferably in the range of 5 mm to 15 mm.
    [10]
    10. Arrangement with a track sleeper (4) and a sleeper sole (1) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the sill sole (1) on the rails (2) opposite underside (3) of the track sill (4) attached , preferably with the connecting layer (10) cast in the track sill (4).
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
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    CH642589A5|1984-04-30|METHOD FOR PRODUCING A PLATE HAVING AT LEAST ONE SIDE EDGE FROM A PLASTIC MATERIAL, AND THE PLATE PRODUCED BY THIS METHOD.
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    DE60017070T2|2007-11-22|Surface reinforcement for beams, columns, slabs o. D
    EP2087986B1|2010-12-01|Injection moulded or injection pressed underlay board or mat for rails and method for producing same
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    EP2776626B1|2018-12-19|Undersleeper pad with friction-reducing coating for a track sleeper and track sleeper with such an undersleeper pad
    EP1831467B1|2015-11-04|Concrete sleeper and method for the production thereof
    CH661955A5|1987-08-31|METHOD FOR PRODUCING A STEEL CONCRETE BODY.
    EP0549559A1|1993-06-30|Superstructure with concrete sleepers
    DE102011052254B4|2016-06-16|Element using a three-dimensional structure of fibers, yarn or wire
    DE102010045049A1|2012-03-15|Method for manufacturing kneading tool bar, involves forming body in tool, where body is made of material such as plastic and has reinforcing fibers
    DE1704565A1|1971-05-19|Fiber-reinforced plastic composite
    EP2126214A1|2009-12-02|Method for producing a sleeper footing on a sleeper body, and sleeper
    DE2911319A1|1979-11-08|SHOCK ABSORBING ELEMENT
    EP1480922A1|2004-12-01|Fibrous non-woven material, non-woven body and non-woven composite body, method for producing a fibrous non-woven material, and use of the same
    DE102010004029A1|2011-07-07|Method for producing a particle-based element
    AT506589B1|2009-10-15|MOLDING
    EP1322821A1|2003-07-02|Water-impervious mat
    DE102007060154B4|2009-12-10|grinding element
    DE202010001748U1|2011-06-09|Trackbed mat for a railway superstructure
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EP3752674B1|2022-02-16|
    AT520879B1|2020-08-15|
    EP3752674A1|2020-12-23|
    US20210212491A1|2021-07-15|
    CN111757958A|2020-10-09|
    WO2019157540A1|2019-08-22|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DE3602669A1|1986-01-31|1987-07-30|Japan National Railway|SPRING COVER FOR A DIRECT CONNECTION THRESHOLD|
    AT10905U1|2008-09-19|2009-12-15|Gmundner Fertigteile Gmbh|TRACK SUPPORT PLATE|
    GB2500660A|2012-03-28|2013-10-02|Tiflex Ltd|Rail pad|
    WO2014110608A1|2013-01-17|2014-07-24|Getzner Werkstoffe Holding Gmbh|Railway sleeper|
    AT144300T|1992-05-09|1996-11-15|Phoenix Ag|RAIL ARRANGEMENT|
    CN2161637Y|1993-07-03|1994-04-13|杜子伟|Cork rubber pad placed under rail|
    FR2746117B1|1996-03-12|1999-08-06|NEW DEVICE FOR LAYING RAILWAYS WITHOUT BALLAST AND USES THEREOF|
    AT505117B1|2007-04-06|2009-05-15|Semperit Ag Holding|sleeper|
    AT505180B1|2007-04-06|2009-03-15|Semperit Ag Holding|COATING MATERIAL FOR DIRECT CONNECTION TO A CONCRETE COMPONENT|
    KR20110108516A|2010-03-29|2011-10-06|주식회사 이알에스|Polyurethane containing cork powder for vibration isolation|
    SG186082A1|2010-06-01|2013-01-30|Edilon Sedra Bv|Polymer composition, method for applying such composition and use of such composition in railway track structures|
    DE102014116905A1|2014-11-19|2016-05-19|Getzner Werkstoffe Holding Gmbh|sleeper pad|WO2022040717A1|2020-08-31|2022-03-03|Bategu Gummitechnologie Gmbh|Rubber composition for a rail intermediate layer|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA38/2018A|AT520879B1|2018-02-14|2018-02-14|Sleeper pad|ATA38/2018A| AT520879B1|2018-02-14|2018-02-14|Sleeper pad|
    PCT/AT2019/000001| WO2019157540A1|2018-02-14|2019-01-17|Under sleeper pad|
    CN201980013575.8A| CN111757958A|2018-02-14|2019-01-17|Rail pillow bottom|
    US16/967,529| US20210212491A1|2018-02-14|2019-01-17|Under sleeper pad|
    EP19704706.1A| EP3752674B1|2018-02-14|2019-01-17|Under sleeper pad|
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